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Data

Students in grade 2 who can't read a single word

About this data

Source
World Bank (2018) – processed by Our World in Data
Last updated
November 6, 2017
Date range
2015–2015
Unit
%

Sources and processing

This data is based on the following sources

World Bank – World Development Report 2018: Learning to Realize Education's Promise

The World Development Report (2018) includes the following information regarding sources: "WDR 2018 team, using reading and mathematics data for Kenya and Uganda from Uwezo, Annual Assessment Reports, 2015 (www.uwezo.net/); reading and mathematics data for rural India from ASER Centre (2017); reading data for all other countries from U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Early Grade Reading Barometer, 2017, accessed May 30, 2017 (www.earlygradereadingbarometer.org/); and mathematics data for all other countries from USAID/RTI Early Grade Mathematics Assessment intervention reports, 2012–15 (shared.rti.org/sub-topic/early-grade-math-assessment-egma)."

The original source notes: "These data typically pertain to selected regions in the countries and are not necessarily nationally representative. Data for India pertain to rural areas."

Retrieved on
November 6, 2017
Retrieved from
http://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/wdr2018/brief/world-development-report-2018-data
Citation
This is the citation of the original data obtained from the source, prior to any processing or adaptation by Our World in Data. To cite data downloaded from this page, please use the suggested citation given in Reuse This Work below.
World Bank. 2018. World Development Report 2018: Learning to Realize Education's Promise. Washington, DC: World Bank.

The World Development Report (2018) includes the following information regarding sources: "WDR 2018 team, using reading and mathematics data for Kenya and Uganda from Uwezo, Annual Assessment Reports, 2015 (www.uwezo.net/); reading and mathematics data for rural India from ASER Centre (2017); reading data for all other countries from U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Early Grade Reading Barometer, 2017, accessed May 30, 2017 (www.earlygradereadingbarometer.org/); and mathematics data for all other countries from USAID/RTI Early Grade Mathematics Assessment intervention reports, 2012–15 (shared.rti.org/sub-topic/early-grade-math-assessment-egma)."

The original source notes: "These data typically pertain to selected regions in the countries and are not necessarily nationally representative. Data for India pertain to rural areas."

Retrieved on
November 6, 2017
Retrieved from
http://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/wdr2018/brief/world-development-report-2018-data
Citation
This is the citation of the original data obtained from the source, prior to any processing or adaptation by Our World in Data. To cite data downloaded from this page, please use the suggested citation given in Reuse This Work below.
World Bank. 2018. World Development Report 2018: Learning to Realize Education's Promise. Washington, DC: World Bank.

How we process data at Our World in Data

All data and visualizations on Our World in Data rely on data sourced from one or several original data providers. Preparing this original data involves several processing steps. Depending on the data, this can include standardizing country names and world region definitions, converting units, calculating derived indicators such as per capita measures, as well as adding or adapting metadata such as the name or the description given to an indicator.

At the link below you can find a detailed description of the structure of our data pipeline, including links to all the code used to prepare data across Our World in Data.

Read about our data pipeline

Reuse this work

  • All data produced by third-party providers and made available by Our World in Data are subject to the license terms from the original providers. Our work would not be possible without the data providers we rely on, so we ask you to always cite them appropriately (see below). This is crucial to allow data providers to continue doing their work, enhancing, maintaining and updating valuable data.
  • All data, visualizations, and code produced by Our World in Data are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license. You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited.

Citations

How to cite this page

To cite this page overall, including any descriptions, FAQs or explanations of the data authored by Our World in Data, please use the following citation:

“Data Page: Students in grade 2 who can't read a single word”. Our World in Data (2026). Data adapted from World Bank. Retrieved from https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev:8789/20260511-092124/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.html [online resource] (archived on May 11, 2026).

How to cite this data

In-line citationIf you have limited space (e.g. in data visualizations), you can use this abbreviated in-line citation:

World Bank (2018) – processed by Our World in Data

Full citation

World Bank (2018) – processed by Our World in Data. “Students in grade 2 who can't read a single word” [dataset]. World Bank, “World Development Report 2018: Learning to Realize Education's Promise” [original data]. Retrieved May 19, 2026 from https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev:8789/20260511-092124/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.html (archived on May 11, 2026).

Download

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Download the data shown in this chart as a ZIP file containing a CSV file, metadata in JSON format, and a README. The CSV file can be opened in Excel, Google Sheets, and other data analysis tools.

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Data API

Use these URLs to programmatically access this chart's data and configure your requests with the options below. Our documentation provides more information on how to use the API, and you can find a few code examples below.

Data URL (CSV format)
https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false
Metadata URL (JSON format)
https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.metadata.json?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false

Code examples

Examples of how to load this data into different data analysis tools.

Excel / Google Sheets
=IMPORTDATA("https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false")
Python with Pandas
import pandas as pd
import requests

# Fetch the data.
df = pd.read_csv("https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false", storage_options = {'User-Agent': 'Our World In Data data fetch/1.0'})

# Fetch the metadata
metadata = requests.get("https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.metadata.json?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false").json()
R
library(jsonlite)

# Fetch the data
df <- read.csv("https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false")

# Fetch the metadata
metadata <- fromJSON("https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.metadata.json?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false")
Stata
import delimited "https://auto-wildfires.owid.pages.dev/grapher/students-in-grade-2-who-cant-read-a-single-word-ca-2015.csv?v=1&csvType=full&useColumnShortNames=false", encoding("utf-8") clear